Table 4 Known group analysis
Known groups | EQ-5D-Y utility | EQ-5D VAS |
|---|---|---|
Gender, mean (SD) | ||
Female (n = 79) | 0.86 (0.16) | 75.03 (21.06) |
Male (n = 75) | 0.90 (0.10) | 75.76 (20.38) |
Δ | -0.03 | -0.73 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | -0.26 (-0.58, 0.06) | -0.04 (-0.35, 0.28) |
Z | -0.98 | -0.14 |
p value | 0.33 | 0.89 |
Annual outpatient visit times, mean (SD)* | ||
< 5 (n = 126) | 0.90 (0.11) | 75.77 (19.78) |
>=5 (n = 28) | 0.81 (0.20) | 73.64 (24.59) |
Δ | 0.08 | 2.13 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | 0.65 (0.24, 1.07) | 0.10 (-0.31, 0.51) |
Z | 2.01 | 0.04 |
p value | 0.04 | 0.84 |
Annual hospitalization times, mean (SD)* | ||
0 (n = 113) | 0.89 (0.13) | 76.08 (20.54) |
>=1 (n = 41) | 0.86 (0.14) | 73.46 (21.16) |
Δ | 0.02 | 2.62 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | 0.17 (-0.19, 0.53) | 0.13 (-0.23, 0.48) |
Z | 0.91 | 0.78 |
p value | 0.36 | 0.44 |
PedsQL Physical Function score, mean (SD) | ||
≤ 75 (n = 84) | 0.82 (0.15) | 66.31 (20.93) |
> 75 (n = 70) | 0.95 (0.07) | 86.27 (14.12) |
Δ | -0.13 | -19.96 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | -1.11 (-1.45, -0.77) | -1.10 (-1.44, -0.76) |
Z | -7.16 | -6.22 |
p value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
PedsQL Emotional Function score, mean (SD) | ||
≤ 65 (n = 80) | 0.83 (0.13) | 67.43 (20.83) |
> 65 (n = 74) | 0.93 (0.11) | 83.99 (16.77) |
Δ | -0.10 | -16.56 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | -0.85 (-1.18, -0.52) | -0.87 (-1.20, -0.54) |
Z | -6.50 | -5.27 |
p value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
PedsQL Social Function score, mean (SD) | ||
≤ 70 (n = 81) | 0.83 (0.13) | 68.91 (20.46) |
> 70 (n = 73) | 0.94 (0.11) | 82.56 (18.52) |
Δ | -0.11 | -13.65 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | -0.90 (-1.23, -0.57) | -0.70 (-1.02, -0.37) |
Z | -6.60 | -4.50 |
p value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
PedsQL School Function score, mean (SD) | ||
≤ 65 (n = 85) | 0.83 (0.15) | 68.53 (21.16) |
> 65 (n = 69) | 0.94 (0.07) | 83.83 (16.63) |
Δ | -0.12 | -15.30 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | -0.96 (-1.29, -0.62) | -0.79 (-1.12, -0.46) |
Z | -6.18 | -4.87 |
p value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
PedsQL pain, mean (SD) | ||
≤ 50 (n = 89) | 0.83 (0.15) | 69.15 (21.64) |
> 50 (n = 65) | 0.95 (0.07) | 83.92 (15.77) |
Δ | -0.12 | -14.78 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | -0.96 (-1.30, -0.63) | -0.76 (-1.09, -0.43) |
Z | -6.34 | -4.63 |
p value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
ZBI-22, mean (SD) | ||
≤ 34.5 (n = 77) | 0.93 (0.09) | 82.70 (16.92) |
> 34.5 (n = 77) | 0.83 (0.15) | 68.06 (21.57) |
Δ | 0.10 | 14.64 |
ES (Cohen’s d) | 0.83 (0.50, 1.15) | 0.76 (0.43, 1.08) |
Z | 5.44 | 4.47 |
p value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |