Table 2 Characteristics of 169 Cases (from 147 Publications)

Reporting hospital (region)

 Europe

15.4% (4)

11.9% (17)

12.4% (21)

 North America

23.1% (6)

30.8% (44)

29.6% (50)

 China

30.8% (8)

31.5% (45)

31.4% (53)

 Other

30.8% (8)

25.9% (37)

26.6% (45)

Age, years

 Mean ± SD

55.2 ± 18.1

56.1 ± 16.4

55.9 ± 16.6

 Youngest

23

25

23

 Oldest

91

94

94

Smokers, %(n)

 Former/current

3.8% (1)

36.4% (52)

31.4% (53)

 Never

76.9% (20)

26.6% (38)

34.3% (58)

 No data

19.2% (5)

37.1% (53)

34.3% (58)

Average tracheal diameter, mm (Mean ± SD)

33.5 ± 6.3

34.4 ± 6.1

34.3 ± 6.1

 Smallest

22.0

25.0

22.0

 Largest

46.7

57.0

57.0

Average bronchial diameter, mm

 Left bronchus (Mean ± SD)

23.2 ± 7.4

23.6 ± 5.8

23.5 ± 6.0

 Right bronchus (Mean ± SD)

24.9 ± 6.2

24.5 ± 5.4

24.6 ± 5.5

 No data,%(n)cases

46.2% (12)

40.6% (58)

41.4% (70)

Tracheal diverticulosis noted in %(n)cases

76.9% (20)

65.7% (94)

67.5% (114)

Bronchiectasis noted in %(n)cases

80.8% (21)

69.9% (100)

71.6% (121)

Chief complaints

 Cough

50.0% (13)

67.1% (96)

64.5% (109)

  Dry

3.8% (1)

23.1% (33)

20.1% (34)

  Productive

46.2% (12)

44.1% (63)

44.4% (75)

 Recurrent respiratory infections

46.2% (12)

59.4% (85)

57.4% (97)

 Haemoptysis

7.7% (2)

15.4% (22)

14.2% (24)

 Dyspnoea

50.0% (13)

53.1% (76)

52.7% (89)

 Changes upon auscultation (wheezes, bronchi, crepitation)

65.4% (17)

58.0% (83)

59.2% (100)

 Fever

26.9% (7)

21.7% (31)

22.5% (38)

Diagnostic Delay, years (Median, IQR)

–

–

3.0, 0.25–20.0 (67)

Treatment plan

 Conservative treatment

76.9% (20)

69.2% (99)

70.4% (119)

 Ventilator-assisted treatment

15.4% (4)

10.5% (15)

11.2% (19)

 Surgery

3.8% (1)

11.2% (16)

10.1% (17)

 No data, %(n) cases

3.8% (1)

9.1% (13)

8.3% (14)

Therapeutic effect

 Improved

11.5% (3)

7.7% (11)

8.3% (14)

 Stable

69.2% (18)

61.5% (88)

62.7% (106)

 Uncontrolled

7.7% (2)

8.4% (12)

8.3% (14)

 No data,%(n)cases

11.5% (3)

22.4% (32)

20.7% (35)